Common water treatment equipment can be categorized into the following types based on their function and application, each playing a different role in the water purification process:
1. Pretreatment Equipment: Used to remove large particulate impurities, suspended solids, and some organic matter from the water, preparing it for subsequent advanced treatment.
Bars/Screens: Intercept floating objects such as plastics and branches, protecting subsequent equipment.
Grit Chambers/Sedimentation Tanks: Remove inorganic particles such as sand and silt through gravity settling.
Multi-media Filters (Sand Filters): Filled with filter media such as quartz sand and anthracite, further removing fine suspended solids and colloids, achieving an effluent SDI ≤ 5, meeting the requirements for reverse osmosis feed water.
Pre-filters: Commonly used in households, with a filtration accuracy of 40–90 microns, intercepting large particulate impurities such as silt and rust, protecting pipes and water-related electrical appliances.
2. Water Softening Equipment: Removes calcium and magnesium ions from the water through ion exchange, reducing water hardness and preventing scaling. Widely used in boiler feedwater, laundry rooms, and bathroom systems.
It uses sodium-type cation exchange resin for ion exchange, and is regenerated with brine after saturation.
Home central water softeners make bath water softer and laundry water softer.
